Bonnefon, Jean-François, Conway, Jane, Dong, Mengchen, Rahwan, Iyad and Shariff, Azim (2024) Fears about Artificial Intelligence across 20 countries and six domains of application. American Psychologist.

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Official URL : http://iast.fr/pub/130257
Identification Number : 10.1037/amp0001454

Abstract

The frontier of artificial intelligence (AI) is constantly moving, raising fears and concerns whenever AI is deployed in a new occupation. Some of these fears are legitimate and should be addressed by AI developers—but others may result from psychological barriers, suppressing the uptake of a beneficial technology. Here, we show that country-level variations across occupations can be predicted by a psychological model at the individual level. Individual fears of AI in a given occupation are associated with the mismatch between psychological traits people deem necessary for an occupation and perceived potential of AI to possess these traits. Country-level variations can then be predicted by the joint cultural variations in psychological requirements and AI potential. We validated this preregistered prediction for six occupations (doctors, judges, managers, care workers, religious workers, and journalists) on a representative sample of 500 participants from each of 20 countries (total N = 10,000). Our findings may help develop best practices for designing and communicating about AI in a principled yet culturally sensitive way, avoiding one-size-fits-all approaches centered on Western values and perceptions.

Item Type: Article
Language: English
Date: 2024
Refereed: Yes
Place of Publication: Washington, DC
Uncontrolled Keywords: artificial intelligence, algorithmic aversion, mind perception, culture
Subjects: B- ECONOMIE ET FINANCE
Divisions: TSE-R (Toulouse)
Site: UT1
Date Deposited: 20 Feb 2025 10:38
Last Modified: 20 Feb 2025 10:38
OAI Identifier: oai:tse-fr.eu:130257
URI: https://publications.ut-capitole.fr/id/eprint/50336
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