eprintid: 50336 rev_number: 11 eprint_status: archive userid: 1482 importid: 105 dir: disk0/00/05/03/36 datestamp: 2025-02-20 10:38:24 lastmod: 2025-02-20 10:38:24 status_changed: 2025-02-20 10:38:24 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Bonnefon, Jean-François creators_name: Conway, Jane creators_name: Dong, Mengchen creators_name: Rahwan, Iyad creators_name: Shariff, Azim creators_idrefppn: 076374645 creators_idrefppn: 259771228 creators_idrefppn: 154839345 creators_idrefppn: 259808393 creators_halaffid: 1002422;506116;441569 creators_halaffid: 506116 title: Fears about Artificial Intelligence across 20 countries and six domains of application ispublished: pub subjects: subjects_ECO abstract: The frontier of artificial intelligence (AI) is constantly moving, raising fears and concerns whenever AI is deployed in a new occupation. Some of these fears are legitimate and should be addressed by AI developers—but others may result from psychological barriers, suppressing the uptake of a beneficial technology. Here, we show that country-level variations across occupations can be predicted by a psychological model at the individual level. Individual fears of AI in a given occupation are associated with the mismatch between psychological traits people deem necessary for an occupation and perceived potential of AI to possess these traits. Country-level variations can then be predicted by the joint cultural variations in psychological requirements and AI potential. We validated this preregistered prediction for six occupations (doctors, judges, managers, care workers, religious workers, and journalists) on a representative sample of 500 participants from each of 20 countries (total N = 10,000). Our findings may help develop best practices for designing and communicating about AI in a principled yet culturally sensitive way, avoiding one-size-fits-all approaches centered on Western values and perceptions. date: 2024 date_type: published publisher: American Psychological Association id_number: 10.1037/amp0001454 official_url: http://iast.fr/pub/130257 faculty: tse divisions: tse keywords: artificial intelligence keywords: algorithmic aversion keywords: mind perception keywords: culture language: en has_fulltext: FALSE doi: 10.1037/amp0001454 view_date_year: 2024 full_text_status: none publication: American Psychologist place_of_pub: Washington, DC refereed: TRUE issn: 0003-066X oai_identifier: oai:tse-fr.eu:130257 harvester_local_overwrite: pending harvester_local_overwrite: note harvester_local_overwrite: date harvester_local_overwrite: ispublished harvester_local_overwrite: creators_halaffid oai_lastmod: 2025-02-03T08:13:03Z oai_set: tse site: ut1 citation: Bonnefon, Jean-François , Conway, Jane , Dong, Mengchen, Rahwan, Iyad and Shariff, Azim (2024) Fears about Artificial Intelligence across 20 countries and six domains of application. American Psychologist.