%S TSE Working Paper %A Doh-Shin Jeon %A Domenico Menicucci %T Data Portability and Competition: Can Data Portability Increase both Consumer Surplus and Profits? %X We study how data portability aspects consumer surplus and firms profits in a two-period model with a switching cost where two rms compete under a non-negative pricing constraint. The firms can circumvent the constraint by tying another complementary free service (called "freebies") with the original service. We consider a general framework of incomplete pass-through of freebies into consumer benet, which includes the two extreme cases of no pass through and full pass through. Regarding the effect on consumer surplus, data portability involves a trade-off between intensifying competition after consumer lock-in and reducing rent dissipation before consumer lock-in. For an intermediate range of pass-through rates, data portability increases both consumer surplus and profits. %K Data Portability, Switching Cost, Non-negative Pricing Constraint %K Freebies, Pass-through %B TSE Working Paper %V 23-1450 %D 2023 %C Toulouse %I TSE Working Paper %L publications48043