?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=https%3A%2F%2Fpublications.ut-capitole.fr%2Fid%2Feprint%2F41955%2F&rft.title=White+certificates+and+competition&rft.creator=Crampes%2C+Claude&rft.creator=L%C3%A9autier%2C+Thomas-Olivier&rft.subject=B-+ECONOMIE+ET+FINANCE&rft.description=Tradable+certificates+are+a+good+tool+to+promote+economic+activities+when+they+increase+the+social+surplus.+White+certificates+are+counterproductive%2C+because+although+they%0D%0Aencourage+activities+aimed+at+reducing+energy+consumption%2C+these+activities+are+%E2%80%98credence+goods'%2C+i.e.+goods+whose+real+quality+cannot+be+verified.+They+therefore+lead+to+opportunistic+behavior+by+professionals+of+building+renovation+and+heating+system+installation.+In+order+to+make%0D%0Athe+system+virtuous%2C+certificates+should+guarantee+the+results+actually+measured%2C+instead+of+ex+ante+technical+evaluations.+Given+the+cost+of+controls%2C+the+accuracy+of+the+declarations+should+be+ensured+by+heavy+penalties+for+infringements%2C+which+is+not+feasible+when+companies+are%0D%0Atoo+small.+Concentration+in+the+building+renovation+sector+should+therefore+be+encouraged%2C+respecting+a+trade-off+between+the+collective+benefit+of+having+large+companies+responsible+for+energy+performance+and+the+risk+of+abuse+of+a+dominant+position+or+collusion+by+these+same+companies&rft.publisher=TSE+Working+Paper&rft.date=2020-11&rft.type=Monograph&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=text&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fpublications.ut-capitole.fr%2Fid%2Feprint%2F41955%2F1%2Fwp_tse_1167.pdf&rft.identifier=++Crampes%2C+Claude+%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.idref.fr%2F026804484%3E+and+L%C3%A9autier%2C+Thomas-Olivier+%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.idref.fr%2F121302369%3E++(2020)+White+certificates+and+competition.++TSE+Working+Paper%2C+n.+20-1167%2C+Toulouse+++++&rft.relation=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tse-fr.eu%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2FTSE%2Fdocuments%2Fdoc%2Fwp%2F2020%2Fwp_tse_1167.pdf&rft.language=en