eprintid: 34749 rev_number: 14 eprint_status: archive userid: 1482 importid: 105 dir: disk0/00/03/47/49 datestamp: 2020-05-05 08:51:18 lastmod: 2021-10-27 13:38:38 status_changed: 2020-08-26 15:18:20 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: De Petrillo, Francesca creators_name: Rosati, Alexandra creators_idrefppn: 241586674 creators_affiliation: Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse creators_halaffid: 506116 creators_halaffid: 24332 title: Logical inferences from visual and auditory information in ruffed lemurs and sifakas ispublished: pub subjects: subjects_ECO abstract: Inference by exclusion, or the ability to select a correct course of action by systematically excluding other potential alternatives, is a form of logical inference that allows individuals to solve problems without complete information. Current comparative research shows that several bird, mammal and primate species can find hidden food through inference by exclusion. Yet there is also wide variation in how successful different species are as well as the kinds of sensory information they can use to do so. An important question is therefore why some species are better at engaging in logical inference than others. Here, we investigate the evolution of logical reasoning abilities by comparing strepsirrhine primate species that vary in dietary ecology: frugivorous ruffed lemurs (Varecia spp.) and folivorous Coquerel's sifakas, Propithecus coquereli. Across two studies, we examined their abilities to locate food using direct information versus inference from exclusion and using both visual and auditory information. In study 1, we assessed whether these lemurs could make inferences when full visual and auditory information about the two potential locations of food were provided. In study 2, we then compared their ability to make direct inferences versus inferences by exclusion in both the visual and auditory domains. We found that these lemur species can use visual information to find food, but that only ruffed lemurs were also able to use auditory cues, mirroring differences in the complexity of their wild ecology. We further found that, unlike many anthropoid species tested to date, these strepsirrhine species failed to make inferences by exclusion. These results highlight the importance of natural history in understanding the evolution of logical inference and help reconstruct the deeper phylogeny of primate cognition. date: 2020-04-24 date_type: published publisher: Elsevier id_number: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2020.03.010 official_url: http://iast.fr/pub/124218 faculty: tse divisions: tse language: en has_fulltext: FALSE doi: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2020.03.010 view_date_year: 2020 full_text_status: none publication: Animal Behaviour volume: 164 pagerange: 193-204 refereed: TRUE issn: 0003-3472 oai_identifier: oai:tse-fr.eu:124218 harvester_local_overwrite: date harvester_local_overwrite: official_url harvester_local_overwrite: issn harvester_local_overwrite: faculty harvester_local_overwrite: pending harvester_local_overwrite: publisher harvester_local_overwrite: id_number harvester_local_overwrite: creators_affiliation harvester_local_overwrite: hal_id harvester_local_overwrite: hal_version harvester_local_overwrite: hal_url harvester_local_overwrite: hal_passwd harvester_local_overwrite: doi harvester_local_overwrite: creators_idrefppn oai_lastmod: 2020-07-17T09:36:52Z oai_set: tse site: ut1 hal_id: hal-02563218 hal_passwd: r1knxgf hal_version: 1 hal_url: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02563218 citation: De Petrillo, Francesca and Rosati, Alexandra (2020) Logical inferences from visual and auditory information in ruffed lemurs and sifakas. Animal Behaviour, 164. pp. 193-204.