eprintid: 33827 rev_number: 29 eprint_status: archive userid: 1482 importid: 105 dir: disk0/00/03/38/27 datestamp: 2020-01-13 14:07:15 lastmod: 2024-04-16 09:35:24 status_changed: 2023-06-08 07:48:36 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Bonnefon, Jean-François creators_name: Ishowo-Oloko, Fatimah creators_name: Soroye, Zakariyah creators_name: Crandall, Jacob W. creators_name: Rahwan, Iyad creators_name: Rahwan, Tahal creators_idrefppn: 076374645 creators_idrefppn: 154839345 creators_affiliation: Toulouse School of Economics (TSM-R), CNRS, University Toulouse Capitole, Toulouse, France creators_halaffid: 1002422 ; 441569 title: Behavioural evidence for a transparency-efficiency tradeoff in human-machine cooperation ispublished: pub subjects: subjects_ECO abstract: Recent advances in artificial intelligence and deep learning have made it possible for bots to pass as humans, as is the case with the recent Google Duplex—an automated voice assistant capable of generating realistic speech that can fool humans into thinking they are talking to another human. Such technologies have drawn sharp criticism due to their ethical implications, and have fueled a push towards transparency in human–machine interactions. Despite the legitimacy of these concerns, it remains unclear whether bots would compromise their efficiency by disclosing their true nature. Here, we conduct a behavioural experiment with participants playing a repeated prisoner’s dilemma game with a human or a bot, after being given either true or false information about the nature of their associate. We find that bots do better than humans at inducing cooperation, but that disclosing their true nature negates this superior efficiency. Human participants do not recover from their prior bias against bots despite experiencing cooperative attitudes exhibited by bots over time. These results highlight the need to set standards for the efficiency cost we are willing to pay in order for machines to be transparent about their non-human nature. date: 2019-11 date_type: published publisher: Springer id_number: 10.1038/s42256-019-0113-5 official_url: http://tse-fr.eu/pub/123939 faculty: tse divisions: tse language: en has_fulltext: TRUE doi: 10.1038/s42256-019-0113-5 view_date_year: 2019 full_text_status: public publication: Nature Machine Intelligence volume: vol. 1 number: n° 1 pagerange: 517-521 refereed: TRUE issn: 2522-5839 oai_identifier: oai:tse-fr.eu:123939 harvester_local_overwrite: number harvester_local_overwrite: creators_name harvester_local_overwrite: publish_to_hal harvester_local_overwrite: issn harvester_local_overwrite: faculty harvester_local_overwrite: pending harvester_local_overwrite: publisher harvester_local_overwrite: id_number harvester_local_overwrite: creators_affiliation harvester_local_overwrite: volume harvester_local_overwrite: doi harvester_local_overwrite: creators_idrefppn harvester_local_overwrite: creators_halaffid harvester_local_overwrite: hal_id harvester_local_overwrite: hal_version harvester_local_overwrite: hal_url harvester_local_overwrite: hal_passwd oai_lastmod: 2024-04-15T14:50:05Z oai_set: tse site: ut1 publish_to_hal: FALSE hal_id: hal-04121730 hal_passwd: @#dk1@d hal_version: 1 hal_url: https://hal.science/hal-04121730 citation: Bonnefon, Jean-François , Ishowo-Oloko, Fatimah, Soroye, Zakariyah, Crandall, Jacob W., Rahwan, Iyad and Rahwan, Tahal (2019) Behavioural evidence for a transparency-efficiency tradeoff in human-machine cooperation. Nature Machine Intelligence, vol. 1 (n° 1). pp. 517-521. document_url: https://publications.ut-capitole.fr/id/eprint/33827/1/s42256-019-0113-5