eprintid: 23190 rev_number: 9 eprint_status: archive userid: 1482 importid: 105 dir: disk0/00/02/31/90 datestamp: 2017-03-21 10:51:25 lastmod: 2021-04-02 15:54:52 status_changed: 2017-03-21 10:51:25 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Beheim, Bret A. creators_name: Davis, Helen creators_name: Fuerstenberg, Eric creators_name: Gurven, Michael creators_name: Kaplan, Hillard creators_name: Stieglitz, Jonathan creators_name: Trumble, Benjamin C. creators_idrefppn: 201037491 title: Cognitive Performance Across the Life Course of Bolivian Forager-Farmers With Limited Schooling ispublished: pub subjects: subjects_ECO abstract: Cognitive performance is characterized by at least two distinct life course trajectories. Many cognitive abilities (e.g., “effortful processing” abilities, including fluid reasoning and processing speed) improve throughout early adolescence and start declining in early adulthood, whereas other abilities (e.g., “crystallized” abilities like vocabulary breadth) improve throughout adult life, remaining robust even at late ages. Although schooling may impact performance and cognitive “reserve,” it has been argued that these age patterns of cognitive performance are human universals. Here we examine age patterns of cognitive performance among Tsimane forager-horticulturalists of Bolivia and test whether schooling is related to differences in cognitive performance over the life course to assess models of active versus passive cognitive reserve. We used a battery of eight tasks to assess a range of latent cognitive traits reflecting attention, processing speed, verbal declarative memory, and semantic fluency (n 919 individuals, 49.9% female). Tsimane cognitive abilities show similar age-related differences as observed in industrialized populations: higher throughout adolescence and only slightly lower in later adulthood for semantic fluency but substantially lower performance beginning in early adulthood for all other abilities. Schooling is associated with greater cognitive abilities at all ages controlling for sex but has no attenuating effect on cognitive performance in late adulthood, consistent with models of passive cognitive reserve. We interpret the minimal attenuation of semantic fluency late in life in light of evolutionary theories of postreproductive life span, which emphasize indirect fitness contributions of older adults through the transfer of information, labor, and food to descendant kin. date: 2017-01 date_type: published publisher: American Psychological Association id_number: 10.1037/dev0000175 official_url: http://tse-fr.eu/pub/31188 faculty: tse divisions: tse keywords: cognitive performance keywords: fluid versus crystallized intelligence keywords: cognitive reserve keywords: aging keywords: education keywords: Tsimane language: en has_fulltext: FALSE doi: 10.1037/dev0000175 view_date_year: 2017 full_text_status: none publication: Developmental Psychology volume: 53 number: 1 pagerange: 160-176 refereed: TRUE issn: 0012-1649 oai_identifier: oai:tse-fr.eu:31188 harvester_local_overwrite: oai_set harvester_local_overwrite: official_url harvester_local_overwrite: issn harvester_local_overwrite: faculty harvester_local_overwrite: publisher harvester_local_overwrite: id_number harvester_local_overwrite: doi harvester_local_overwrite: creators_idrefppn oai_lastmod: 2017-02-27T10:24:42Z oai_set: tse oai_set: ut1c site: ut1 citation: Beheim, Bret A., Davis, Helen , Fuerstenberg, Eric, Gurven, Michael, Kaplan, Hillard, Stieglitz, Jonathan and Trumble, Benjamin C. (2017) Cognitive Performance Across the Life Course of Bolivian Forager-Farmers With Limited Schooling. Developmental Psychology, 53 (1). pp. 160-176.